Introduction
The Royal Palace of Caserta, or Reggia di Caserta in Italian, is a magnificent palace located in the southern Italian region of Campania. It was built in the 18th century for the Bourbon kings of Naples, and it is one of the largest royal palaces in the world, covering an area of over 2 million square feet. In this article, we will explore the history and architecture of the Royal Palace of Caserta, with a focus on two of its most notable features: the Palatine Chapel and the English Garden.
History of the Royal Palace of Caserta
The Bourbon Dynasty
The Royal Palace of Caserta was commissioned by Charles VII of Naples, who was also known as Charles III of Spain. He was a member of the Bourbon dynasty, which ruled Naples and Sicily from the early 18th century until the unification of Italy in 1861. The Bourbons were one of the most powerful royal families in Europe, and they had a reputation for luxury and extravagance.
The Construction of the Palace
The construction of the Royal Palace of Caserta began in 1752, and it was designed by the Italian architect Luigi Vanvitelli. The palace was built as a symbol of the Bourbon dynasty’s power and wealth, and it was intended to rival the grandeur of the Palace of Versailles in France. The construction of the palace took 20 years to complete, and it involved the work of over 22,000 laborers.
Architecture of the Royal Palace of Caserta
Exterior of the Palace
The Royal Palace of Caserta has a rectangular shape and is surrounded by a moat. The palace is four stories tall and has a central courtyard, which is flanked by two symmetrical wings. The exterior of the palace is adorned with numerous sculptures, fountains, and ornamental features.
Interior of the Palace
The interior of the Royal Palace of Caserta is equally impressive, with over 1,200 rooms decorated with frescoes, tapestries, and other works of art. The palace also has a vast collection of antique furniture and other decorative items. Some of the most notable rooms in the palace include the Throne Room, the Hercules Room, and the Diana and Actaeon Room.
The Palatine Chapel
One of the most striking features of the Royal Palace of Caserta is the Palatine Chapel, which is located on the second floor of the palace. The chapel is a masterpiece of Baroque architecture, with a soaring dome and intricate frescoes and stucco work. The chapel was designed to be the private chapel of the Bourbon kings, and it is still used for religious ceremonies today.
The English Garden
The English Garden is another highlight of the Royal Palace of Caserta. The garden covers an area of over 120 acres and is designed in the English landscape style, with winding paths, lakes, and waterfalls. The garden is home to numerous statues and other works of art, and it is a popular spot for tourists and locals alike.
Conclusion
The Royal Palace of Caserta is a testament to the wealth and power of the Bourbon dynasty, and it remains one of the most impressive palaces in the world. Its stunning architecture, vast collection of art and furniture, and beautiful gardens make it a must-see destination for anyone interested in Italian history and culture.
